acid

Definition

Acids in solution have a pH below 7.0, a sour taste, releases hydroxyl ions in water, and turn litmus paper red. Acids are divided into two main classes: (1) Strong acids are very corrosive and cause severe skin burns, examples are hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid. Also called mineral or inorganic acids. (2) Weak acids are mildly corrosive and normally do not affect skin, examples are acetic acid (vinegar), citric acid (citrus fruit juice acid), and tartaric acid (used in making mayonnaise). Also called natural or organic acids.